Android Core Building Blocks

A component is simply a piece of code that has a well defined life cycle e.g. Activity, Receiver, Service etc.

The core building blocks or fundamental components of android are activities, views, intents, services, content providers, fragments and AndroidManifest.xml.

Activity

An activity is a class that represents a single screen. It is like a Frame in AWT.

View

A view is the UI element such as button, label, text field etc. Anything that you see is a view.

Intent

Intent is used to invoke components. It is mainly used to:

• Start the service
• Launch an activity
• Display a web page
• Display a list of contacts
• Broadcast a message
• Dial a phone call etc.

For example

Intent intent=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setData(Uri.parse("http://www.javatpoint.com"));
startActivity(intent);

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Service

• Service is a background process that can run for a long time.
• There are two types of services local and remote. 
• Local service is accessed from within the application
• remote service is accessed remotely from other applications running on the same device.

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Content Provider

Content Providers are used to share data between the applications.

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Fragment

• Fragments are like parts of activity. 
• An activity can display one or more fragments on the screen at the same time.

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AndroidManifest.xml

It contains informations about acvities, content providers, permissions etc. It is like the web.xml file in Java EE.

for example,

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example for andriodmanifest.xml